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J. B. LUNDGREN. MODE or PULVERIZING AND PREPARING FOR USE COAL, M.

No. 42,257. Patented Apr. 5, 1864.

/z ran for (m in warm T a all whom, it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrlcn.

JOHN EPHRATM LUNDGREN, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR TO Iii M SELF AND CLAUDIUS E. HABlCHT, OF NEW YORK CITY.

IMPROVED MODE 0f PULVERiZlNG AND PREPARlNG FOR USE CQAL, dc.

Specification forming part of Letters Yatent So. 42,257, dated April 5, 1654.

c it known that l, Jonrv EPHRAIM Lt'xncuEN, of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented certain new and useful improvements in pulverizing mineral, vege' table. and animal substances capable ot bcing broken and pulverized for various pur pos in the arts: and I hereby declare. that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the aceotnpan ving drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an end view, Fig. 2 a side elevation, and Fig. 3 a sectional view, of an apparatus used in connection with and constructed according to my invention.

My invention relates to certain mechanical means of reducing friable or pulverizable substances, whether vegetable, mineral, or animal, to a powder more or less tine, according to the uses they are intended lor; also, to

new and useful applications to the arts of particular substances so reduced and my invention consists, first, in the method hereinafter more fully explained of pulverizing to any given degree ut'tinencss vegetable, mineral, or animal substances of a friable nature, or substances capable of being reduced to owder by means of balls or the mechanical equivalents thereof in motion in cylinders revolving upon their a'vcs; secondly. in the production of a substitute for lamp-black and other similar carhonaiious matter in its various application in the arts by pulvcrizing in the manner referred to an impalpable pow. denanimal.veg -table or mineral't-oal; thirdly, in the production of new articles ot'tnanulactnre, in which coal, pulverized as referred to, is used in lieu of' lampblack and other impalpable carbonaceous powder as one of the ingredients.

To enable othtrs to make and use my invention. I shall now proceed to describe the manner in which my said invention is or may be carried into effect.

The apparatus in which the pulverizationof t'riablc substances, or substances capable of being reduced to powder, is etlcoted, consists of one or more cylinders, each of which is dividcd into compartments A A by means of partitions C. I These compartments may be arranged upon one and the same shaft or may constitute separate and independent cylining th rough the joint.

-tended to perform.

dcrs arranged in a row upoti one axis. The cylinders are provided with an axle-tree or trunnions, B B, which revolve in fixed bearings or brackets E E on rotation being imparted from some prime mover to the main shaft. Each cylinder or compartment is provided with an aperture or man-hole closed during the operation ot the apparatus by means of doors. slides, or other contrivances, so as to prevent the dust or powder from pass In the annexed drawings the covers are shown to consist of plates firmly secured to theirseatsb tneansofstrews D 1). Through this aperture are introduced into the interior of the cylinder small balls, made of cast-iron, class, marble. or other material suitable for the functions they are in- They are made of varying sizes, degrees of hardness. and weight, and are used in numbers varyingwith the t'riabilitwor cohesion of particles of the substances to be powdered. Through the same aperture are also introduced the substances to be pulverized. It will be understood that if rotary motion be imparted to the cylinders the balls arecauscd to fall in constant shower upon the mass and thus break and crush it to a more or less tine powder. or. if desired, to

an im'palpable powder. according to the length of time the action of the balls in the cylinders 1 is continued. The substances thus operated upon are, by the revolution of the (5}ll1iticl, constantly turned over and kept stirred, so that fresh surfaces or particles there f-are exposed to the pounding action. of the halls. When the pnlverization is completed, the covers are removed and sieves or tine grates are substituted therefor. inder is then resumed. and the powder is sit-ted and collected in a suitable receptacle.

in the above description I have shown the construction and nth-ration of the apparatus as applied to the, pnlvcrization of au vsubstance capable of being reduced to powder.

Ores, cinemycoal, and many other substances used in the arts in a powdered condition may he reduced in this way it. the most expeditious manner and at comparatively small cost of power and labor. There; are, however, certain new applications, which, on account of their importance in special arts, will create. new branches of industry and have for effect Revolution of thec vlthe piotluctiou ofn w articles ofnianuiacture. To illustrate, I refer to the pulveriz-ation of coal, whether vegetable, mineral. or animal. The carbonaceous matter heretofore almost exclusively used in certain manufactures 32th as as black ink. paint, varnish, leather, ood. {vex-consisted of lamp-black or other inipalpahle and unalterahly black powder, which, owing to the cost attending its nianut'aeture. rendered these articles comparatively expensive. Ily niyinvention I am enabled to reduce coal of whatever derivation to an impalpalile powder, which answers the purpose of such manufactures equally as well and has the additi nal advantage of being free of einpyreuinatie odor-,whieh is inheient to lamptlilcli. Coal, reduced in the manner hereinbefore described, may also he used in the .uanul'actureofsugar, forthe clarification and filtration of saccharine juices, and to:- other purposes.

In eonelusiou, l \vould observe that I am auai'e that halls have been used in revolving lHlTl('l. for the purpose of pulverizing various substances, hut in such apparatus the peration of pulverization is etleeted on Eiliht'l' tllil ll'lllj f(Ssllillllllf from the above tie-scribed, in this. that the halls are ver vheav v,the hurl iels ot'comparatively small diameter and PH- tatiu; itli comparativelyslow SllfthdcO that a rolling motion is imparted to the halls u hid; ciush the matter to he pulverized by rolhng over it. in my improved apparatus the halls f are small, the cylinders are comparativelyl large. and their speed of revolution is Stlelt nan e to this spet'muai as to cause the. halls to shower upon the mass to he reduced, so that by the combined action of the momentum due to the fall of the. balls and rolling fri tion the mass to be pulverized is moreperfectlvaud speedily triturated than this could be done by any: machine or method heretofore known or used.

Having: thus fully described my invention, I shall state in claims as follows:

-1. The method herein described of pulverizing to any given degree of fineness vegetable, mineral or animal substances of a friable nature or substances capable otheing reduced to powder by means of haiis, or the mechanical equivalent thereof, in motion in cylinders revolving upon their axes.

2; The proJuetim-i of a substitute for lamphluck and other similar carbonaceous matter in its variom appiimitions in the arts, by pulveriziug, in the manner referred to, to an impalpahle powder animal, eget-aiiie, or min eral coal,

3. The production of new artieles of'manufacture in it inch c al. pulverized as referred to, is w d in lieu of lamp which and other inihalliafhie carbonaceous matter as one of the ingredients.

In testimoiev u; wot l have signed my :on before twosuhscribtug itnesses.

J. E. LUNGDREN. \Vitnesses:

E; JAIME, E. SHERMAN Guru). 

